The management of severe ocular surface disease (OSD) has benefited from major breakthroughs in recent years. Previously, patients with severe ocular surface disease had a poor prognosis. Advances in micro-surgical techniques and understanding the role of limbal stem cells have led to great improvements in both of visual acuity and quality of life of these patients by using limbal cell transplantation techniques. The management of severe ocular surface disease (OSD) has benefited from major breakthroughs in recent years. Previously, patients with severe ocular surface disease had a poor prognosis. Advances in micro-surgical techniques and understanding the role of limbal stem cells have led to great improvements in both of visual acuity and quality of life of these patients by using limbal cell transplantation techniques. Resumen El tratamiento de la enfermedad de la superficie ocular (OSD por sus siglas en inglés, Ocular Surface Disease) se ha beneficiado debido a los grandes avances en los últimos años. Anteriormente, los pacientes afectados con la enfermedad de la superficie ocular presentaban un mal pronóstico. Los avances en la técnica del tratamiento micro quirúrgico y la compresión del importante papel que juegan las células madres del limbo han demostrado una mejoría en la agudeza visual y la calidad de vida del paciente por el uso del trasplante de células limbares.