Ocular involvement in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is rarely reported, owing in part to the fact that the severe illness faced by many of these patients limits the feasibility of ocular examinations. Nevertheless, post-mortem examination of eyes from patients without ophthalmological symptoms and diagnosis of CMML has revealed ocular infiltration of atypical cells. We presented a 72-year-old man with two days of left-sided blurring of vision and an episode of transient visual obscuration associated to periorbitary pain. To our knowledge, this is the second case in peer-reviewed literature reporting the association between arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. A possible explanation is the fact that small vessel vasculitis, of unclear pathogenesis so far, complicates approximately 10% of CMML and presents as cutaneous vasculitis and lupus-like syndromes. Therefore, this may be in relation with the vasculitis of the short posterior ciliary arteries, which happens in cases of AAION.

The authors report a case presenting an spontaneous progressive enlarging lamellar macular hole through serial quantification by optical coherence tomography during a four year follow-up.

A patient with Birdshot retinochoroidopathy that presented with isolated optic nerve swelling is reported. Neuroimaging and serum testing for infectious or inflammatory etiologies were unremarkable. Indocyanine angiography revealed multiple round dark fundus lesions in both eyes. This raised suspicion for Birdshot retinochoroidopathy, which was confirmed with genetic testing. Ocular inflammation resolved following treatment with mycophenolate mofetil and a dexamethasone intravitreal implant.